Footnotes

Shepard-Hamilton transcription research

June 1856

Following is the set of footnotes associated with research of the transcription of the June 1856 diary entries by Lorette Shepard & John Hamilton. These footnotes are also interspersed and embedded within the transcription.

 

  1. Mr. Bartholf lime kiln ♢ The Bartholf family had a Lime Kiln located on Ellicott St Rd, just south of Levi Brainard’s home. A lime kiln was used to produce quicklime which was used to make plaster and mortar for buiding construction.
  2. per bushel ♢ Genesee County produced over 41,000 acres of winter wheat according to the New York State Census of 1855.
  3. Ira Chaddock ♢ Lorette's cousin, Ira J. Chaddock was the twenty-year old son of Dennis B. and Polly Shepard Chaddock. He lived with his parents on Chaddock Road, Alexander.
  4. Ira Chaddock ♢ Ira J Chaddock had five siblings and six half siblings from his father's first wife, Lydia Thompson who died in 183; one of them was Persis Chaddock, wife of Marvin Shepard.
  5. Kansas disturbance ♢ This was an era of the growing desire to abolish slavery and it was being fought bitterly in the territory Kansas, where a decision would need to be made whether slavery would be allowed once Kansas became a state.
  6. Willard Quance ♢ Willard Quance 15 was the oldest child of Lyman Quance and Sarah Ann Chaddock.
  7. Alexander Reamer ♢ Alexander 20 was the son of John J. and Nancy Reamer. They lived at the south end of Cedar Street at Ellicott Street (today known as St. John's) in Batavia. His mother died in 1836. John Reamer then married Elizabeth Debow, daughter of Andrew and Matina Alyea, and they had John Jr. in 1843 and Elizabeth in 1845. Alexander died of consumption (tuberculosis); he and his parents were buried in the Old Batavia Cemetery.
  8. Aunt Lydia Bradner ♢ Lydia 63 was Lorette's great aunt, sister of Grandmother Elizabeth Showerman. Lydia and John Bradner lived in Barre, Orleans County with their daughter Louisa and her husband Abraham Brandt.
  9. Willard ♢ Willard had three siblings, Henry 13, Lorette Frances 11, and a sister Matilda who died shortly after she was born in 1844.
  10. Dr. Whitney ♢ Willard and his first wife Mary A. Whiting lived in Monroe County when son Willard Adolphus Whitney was born in 1844. In 1850 Willard 29 was a "Founder" in Chili, Monroe County and Mary and Adolphus lived next door to Dr. David Stark a Physician. In 1855 census before his wife died, they lived in Carlton, Orleans County and he was a listed as a "Miller." After his wife died, in the summer of 1855, he is in Batavia and in Diary entries he is called Mr. Whitmore and Mr. Whitman when he is dating Mary Ann Avery, and in 1856 is the first time he is called Doctor Whitney.
  11. This day ♢ In John’s diary entry for this date, he visited Lorette and may have asked her to marry him.
  12. Eunice Lyons ♢ Eunice Lyons would have been about 34. She was the adopted daughter of Peter and Roxanny Powers Showerman. She was adopted in 1833 and was often listed in the censuses as a domestic "servant".
  13. north chamber ♢ Lorette’s parents’ home was divided into two living areas. I believe her parents lived on the north side closest to the yard and barn, and she and John occupied the south side.
  14. Miss Stevens ♢ This could be Zoradi Stevens (1836-?), a daughter of Abial Stevens and Betsy Norton.
  15. black smith shop ♢ There was a black smith shop at the north end of Shepard Road owned by William Charles born 1820 England.
  16. summer fodder ♢ Fodder is the planting of temporary things like grain, corn, barley, or hay for animal feed.
  17. Sarah ♢ Sarah Showerman was 16 and lived down the Road from Lorette.
  18. Mr. Leonard & Maria ♢ Ira Leonard and Maria Shepard, married Christmas 1855

 

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1856 Diary Summary

Lorette is nineteen years old. Husband John is busy with political events and news, such as the election of a new president and the anti-slavery fight. He spends time "sugaring off" to make maple syrup and sugar. Lorette’s grandfather John Shepard Sr. dies, along with young Joel Rogers, Leverett Richmond, and William Johnson. Her cousin Lorinda marries and heads to Iowa with her new husband. Lorette completes her star quilt, and she and John attend teas, political meetings, and church. They are living with her parents and infant brother Charles, in Batavia.

1856 Surnames Mentioned

Armstrong, Baker, Banks, Barney, Bartholf, Beecher, Belamy, Benedict, Bostwick, Boylan, Bradner, Brainard, Breckenridge, Bride, Brooks, Brown, Bryan, Buchanon, Buell, Butler, Calkins, Chaddock, Chafee, Charles, Clark, Cole, Conklin, Cortes, Covell, Craig, Crane, Dascomb, Dayton, Denton, Donaldson, Dorman, Dunbar, Dyer, Foster, Franklin, Fremont, Frisbe, Fuller, Getten, Grover, Hamilton, Hatch, Hawley, Holden, Hurty, Johnson, Kendall, King, Knowlton, Kremer, Lamkin, Lane, Lawrence, Leonard, Levings, Lincoln, Loomis, Lord, Ludden, Lyman, Lyons, Mallison, Markley, Marsh, McCall, Moore, Morgan, Muhaly, Newton, Nichols, Northrup, Norton, Nott, Odion, Orcutt, Powell, Powers, Preston, Prindle, Putnam, Quance, Rawlin, Reamer, Richmond, Rogers, Rolfe, Shaw, Shepard, Short, Showerman, Smith, Sprague, Stevens, Stewart, Sweetland, Tabor, Thompson, Thorn, Vorus, Vrooman, Ware, West, Whitney, Wilkes, Williams, Winks, Winthrop

Life as Lorette

Life as Lorette presents the journey from diary discovery to revealing pioneers of Genesee County, New York.

World Events of 1856

  • A telephone line between Newfoundland and New York City goes into service
  • Russia signed Peace of Paris ending the Crimean War
  • An 1856 one-cent British Guiana stamp was purchased in 1980 for $935,000 by chemical heir John E. DuPont
  • Gustave Flaubert published in a Paris journal, his masterpiece, Madame Bovary, a novel portraying the love affairs of a romantic young woman married to a dull provincial doctor

National Events of 1856

  • Virginia senator R. M. T. Hunter defends slavery in an address in Poughkeepsie
  • The Buffalo and Lake Huron Railroad opens from Fort Erie to Stratford, Ontario
  • Violence in the territory of Kansas costs 200 lives in a struggle to decide if slavery will be allowed in Kansas when it becomes a state
  • John Brown & a band of abolitionists killed five proslavery settlers near Pottawatomie Creek in Kansas
  • More than 200 Mormons died near Martin’s Cove, Wyoming, as they migrated West using handcarts
  • Democrat James Buchanan was elected US president
  • Tin-type camera was patented by Hamilton Smith in Gambier, Ohio

New York State Events in 1856

  • Oswego gets close to six feet of snow
  • The Western Union Telegraph Company is founded in Rochester
  • 300,000 Catholic immigrants arrive in New York City during the year
  • John Alsop King is elected the state's first Republican governor
  • The Montezuma Aqueduct, carrying the Erie over the Seneca River, is completed at a cost of $150K

Local Events in 1856

  • Niagara University is founded at Niagara Falls
  • Portions of Allegany County are made part of Livingston County
  • Commissioners are appointed from NY and CT in attempt to pin down an acceptable common border
  • Abolitionist Rev. Samuel Cox becomes the first president of Ingham University for Women in LeRoy
  • The Rural Academy at East Pembroke was incorporated by the Regents of New York State; Rev. Mr. Horton, a Presbyterian minister, was its founder, donating land for the purpose
  • Henry and daughter Frances Hoag died during the summer in the Town of Alabama, Genesee County; Polly, Henry's wife, would later be charged with their deaths
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